Identify two regions known for truck farming and two regions known for pastoral nomadism.

• A. Truck farming: Midwest plains and Great Plains; Pastoral nomadism: Antarctica and Greenland.
• B. Truck farming: Florida’s Orange Groves and Texas Panhandle; Pastoral nomadism: Amazon Basin and Siberia.
• C. Truck farming: Rocky Mountain regions and Pacific Northwest; Pastoral nomadism: Patagonia and Iceland.
• D. Truck farming: California's Central Valley and Hudson Valley; Pastoral nomadism: Sahel region of Africa and Central Asia.

Answer: (D)

Truck farming involves intensive, market-oriented production of fruits and vegetables near cities, relying on irrigation and proximity to urban markets to sell produce. Two regions that fit this pattern are California's Central Valley and the Hudson Valley in New York, both of which have long, productive growing seasons, excellent irrigation infrastructure, and easy access to large urban markets for fresh produce.

Pastoral nomadism is a form of subsistence and/or transitional farming where communities move with herds of livestock to find grazing and water, often in arid or semi-arid regions. The Sahel region of Africa and Central Asia are classic examples, where harsh climates and seasonal migrations shape traditional herding practices.

Other options pair regions that don’t align with these patterns—for instance, areas like Antarctica or Greenland have no agricultural activity; the Amazon Basin is tropical rainforest not typically associated with pastoral nomadism, and Siberia, while having some nomadic herding, is not as representative of pastoral nomadism as the Sahel and Central Asia.